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Write An Expository Essay On The Topic Hiv/Aids
Sunday, August 23, 2020
Friday, August 21, 2020
Alignment Of The Human Resources Strategy Commerce Essay
A corporate plan is the one which speaks to the general vision and the crucial an organization. Numerous organizations neglect to focus on this and all they center is around the bring forthing the merchandise and ventures believing it fulfills the requests and needs of the customer which is other than of import yet is non everything an organization does. Let ââ¬Ës get down up with the expectation of the task, the ground for this exploration is to gauge the linkage of an organization ââ¬Ës human asset ââ¬Ës plot and the corporate plan. Presently by the corporate plan here we mean is the general vision set by the organization. This announcement can be advocated by numerous authors and is the existent truth that everybody in the organization ought to cognize. The ground is that the organizations flop generally is, they are non ready to set up a viable plan ( Verena, V 2006 ) of their practical nations, for example, the HR, selling, money and so on. The task is thinking mainly with the HR and it ââ¬Ës arranging and the corporate plan. ââ¬Å" Corporate plan concerns two distinct requests: what concern the organization ought to be in and how the corporate office should pull off the variety of the worry units. â⬠( Porter, M. 1990 ) The above definition uncovers two aspects that first every organization ought to cognize the business it is covering. Second, the extent of concern units an organization bargains in. Presently clearly the corporate plan can non be satisfied without the best possible commitment of the HR at the end of the day the representatives to pull out the most ideal outcome ( Rowe, A. 2006 ) . Along these lines the build of alining the HR plan could be separated by this impression. Consequently, this task assesses the plans laid by Singapore Airlines so as to achieve the general corporate plan of the organization. The portion of this examination is the basic factor which would hold made the overseeing of the representatives stunningly better dependent on the writing utilized in the evaluation. THE CORPORATE STRATEGY AND OBJECTIVES OF SINGAPORE AIRLINESOverviewSingapore Airlines is an expanded organization covering in arranged related concerns having fitting to an article composed by Heracleous, L. , Wirtz, J. , viz. : Singapore Airport Terminal ( 80.8 % ) Singapore Engineering Company ( 81 % ) Singapore Airlines Cargo ( 100 % ) Silk Air ( 100 % ) Tiger Airways ( 49 % ) Virgin Atlantic ( 49 % )Corporate SchemeGiven that the organization bargains in expanded concerns Singapore Airlines at its corporate degree follows the plan of related variegation. A related variegation plot is in which: ââ¬Å" â⬠¦ an organization works in a few worries that are someway connected to each other â⬠( Ricky, W. Griffin 2007 ) Fitting to Ricky, W. Griffin there are three essential advantages of using such a plan which are: The organizations that utilization such a plan do non rely upon any one concern cut bringing down the monetary hazards. They chop down the working consumptions for example the expenses are separated by the figure of concerns. There is an intelligent assault of lounging the qualities and capacity through a figure of concerns it works in.AimHarmonizing to an article composed by Jochen W, Loizos H, and Nitin P, the points of Singapore Airlines were to: Gracefully a prevalent customer fulfillment that will be predictable and respectably estimated. A lovely ROI to the investors and bring forthing equivalent overall gains to bear the cost of an adequate help for investings. Build up the best Human Resources designs that draw, develop, rouse and hold the work power which play a capacity in achieving the house ââ¬Ës points. Augment the limit of tasks and use all the accessible assets. With the above alluded plan and points of Singapore Airlines through the validated beginnings obviously the house from it ââ¬Ës truly establishing has a build of pull offing its ââ¬Ë workers ( cost effectivity ) in such a way, that it conveys and continues a top notch administration. Note: This region is intentionally spotless A CRITICAL EVALUATION OF HUMAN RESOURCES STRATEGIES IN CONTEXT TO SINGAPORE AIRLINES Realizing that Singapore Airlines has a corporate plan that is connected separated one and the point of the house is to achieve driving for in a top notch administration which implies the vision of the Singapore Airlines is to stay before the opponents. Presently by this it other than assessed that it is an air hose industry which is an assistance based industry. An intelligent impression to procure from the points set by Singapore Airlines is that it needs to focus on using the assets in such a way, that it ends up being in greatness and the interest of best individuals with best open introduction through their achievements. In a situation of such a sort this task takes a basic reappraisal of the plans laid by the organization with the guide of accessible writing on in what capacity can an enduring do the best open introduction sending and redeploying the HR and the HR plans utilized by Singapore Airlines. These plans can be extricated by the guide of the chart given beneath which is trailed by the record of every one of the scheme.RECRUITMENT AND SELECTIONââ¬Å" Furthermore, ââ¬Å" the individuals enrolled â⬠in an undertaking or an association makes the worry human advancement which can frontal area tries ââ¬Ë puts and do them not quite the same as adversaries. â⬠( Vinet, N. 2010 ) The definition spring by Vinet draws an of import that the enrolling plan ought to be finished with the coalition of the desired point of an organization as it is the individuals in the organization who bargain who speak to the undertaking by making a human advancement and that separates the organizations from the challengers. An exploration directed by Jochen W, Loizos H, and Nitin P Singapore Airlines is the one which is a lot of worry of this issue as they lay an intensive plan in the enrolling system and a thorough methodology of picking the workers. The system of enrolling and selection of representatives experiences the undermentioned stages as assessed from the examination: Benchmark enrolling and Screening: at the extremely first measure from an extent of appliers the appearing of the appliers is made on the bases of their age ranges, scholastic makings and physical properties. Meetings: the appliers which are fruitful in the demonstrating are more remote take three unit of ammo of meetings. Uniform test: the appliers after the meeting stages need to go through the trial of their visual viewpoints in the uniform. Water preliminaries: a confirmation degree testing is done of the appliers ââ¬Ë for example they are made to jump in H2O from a stature of three meters, this gives the situation to the questioner what the response of them will be if such a situation comes up where they need to accompany the riders in the H2O. Psychometric preliminary: the mental preliminaries are so conduct to pass judgment on the knowledge, perspectives, aptitudes and characters of the appliers. After the enrolling is made the effective appliers are more distant observed on a multi month test thus contracted for five mature ages if fruitful. This system of choosing is a most thorough technique by which Singapore Airlines guarantees that they enroll the individuals with right achievements credits the organization wants to hold to achieve the set aims.Training AND DEVELOPMENTAn article Greg Procknow gives five of import grounds concerning why readiness is essential in an organization: Preparing adds to the general plan. Guarantees the quality out of the workers through the arrangement and improvement. Guaranting the security and wellbeing is kept among the workers each piece great as the customers Drawing in the gifted individuals and hold the bing 1s. Non-money related wagess for the workers for representation: exposures. Singapore Airlines has a decent lucifer given better than that it believes that planning is pool that joins itself with the workers. It holds a decent highlight on the readiness on the representatives focusing on the point that being an assistance based organization the workers the only methods by which it can achieve its key points and adhere to the corporate plan. Accordingly an examination directed by Jochen W, Loizos H, and Nitin P, Singapore Airlines bunch has seven arrangement schools for the seven boss spots of activities and administration transport: Lodge team Flight activities Business arrangement Data designing Security Air terminal administrations arrangement and innovation Further the arrangement classs are led on a four and twenty nine months for the bing workers to help them cognize and follow what the organization anticipates from them. Singapore Airlines follows comprehensive plan in building up the HR which is non simply worried about the health and wellbeing issues yet close to on the utilitarian issues and excellence consideration, high-caliber and outsider supplement and vino, specialty of discussion. The house has a Management Development Center ( MDC ) other than offers general bearing readiness under the skyline of the HR division.Service DELIVERY TEAMS[ Maximizing PERFORMANCE ]Harmonizing to Jochen W, Loizos H, and Nitin P, the emphasize is laid so as to pull out a high estimation of open introduction from the representatives through open introduction evaluations. Through the open introduction evaluations the organization is doing the crews solid in executing. The open introduction is assessed and guaranteed through the supporters: The pioneers or the organization regulate the staff improvements The Staff open introductions are assessed and conveyed to them through evaluations. The staffs are managed irregularly. Inputs are taken other than from the observed. An improved checking is finished setting up on the workers input. As a result of such a bar
Tuesday, July 14, 2020
The 4 Stages of Alcohol and Drug Rehab Recovery
The 4 Stages of Alcohol and Drug Rehab Recovery Addiction Coping and Recovery Overcoming Addiction Print 4 Stages of Alcohol and Drug Rehab Recovery By Buddy T facebook twitter Buddy T is an anonymous writer and founding member of the Online Al-Anon Outreach Committee with decades of experience writing about alcoholism. Learn about our editorial policy Buddy T Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on June 04, 2016 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on September 26, 2019 kate_sept2004/Getty Images More in Addiction Coping and Recovery Overcoming Addiction Methods and Support Personal Stories Alcohol Use Addictive Behaviors Drug Use Nicotine Use When you decide to enter a professional alcohol and drug treatment program, you will begin a journey through four distinct stages of rehab recovery as you learn to develop a clean and sober lifestyle. The four stages of rehab described hereâ"treatment initiation, early abstinence, maintaining abstinence, and advanced recoveryâ"were developed by the National Institute on Drug Abuse for its An Individual Drug Counseling Approach to Treat Cocaine Addiction resource for healthcare providers. In this model, recovery is a lifelong process. Stage 1: Treatment Initiation When you reach out for help from a professional alcohol and drug rehab program, you begin the first stage of your recovery, treatment initiation. Whether you seek help voluntarily or you are forced by circumstances to enter rehab, your recovery process will begin with a professional treatment program. In the early hours and days of your rehab, you probably will have some ambivalent feelings about giving up your drug of choice permanently and you may think that your substance abuse problem is not as bad as others. Beware. Ambivalence and denial can be your worst enemies in the first days of your recovery. Stage 2: Early Abstinence Once you have made a commitment to continue treatment for your substance abuse problem, you will enter the second stage of rehab known as early abstinence. This can be the toughest stage to cope with because of many factors, including continued withdrawal symptoms, physical cravings, psychological dependence, and a host of triggers that can tempt you into a relapse. It is during this early abstinence stage that your trained addiction counselor will begin to teach you the coping skills that you need to begin to lead a sober lifestyle. The tools that you learn to use now will help you throughout your recovery. What Is Abstinence, and Is It Necessary? Stage 3: Maintaining Abstinence After approximately 90 days of continuous abstinence, you will move from the early abstinence stage of recovery to the third stage, maintaining abstinence. If you started in a residential treatment program, you will now move to the continuing or follow-up counseling phase of your rehab program on an outpatient basis. One focus of this stage of rehab is obviously to maintain abstinence by avoiding a relapse. You will learn the warning signs and the steps that can lead up to a relapse. Also during this stage of your rehabilitation, you will learn to put the tools that you learned in early abstinence to use in other areas of your life so that you can continue to live a truly sober lifestyle. You will discover that your future quality of life depends on more than simply not using. You will learn new coping skills and tools to help you build healthy relationships, develop a ?drug-free lifestyle, manage ?anger, utilize ?exercise and nutrition, learn ?employment and money management skills, and avoid ?substituting addictions. The maintaining abstinence stage of rehab will begin at about three months into your rehabilitation program and last until you reach approximately five years clean and sober, at which time the follow-up counseling will usually terminate. Stage 4: Advanced Recovery After approximately five years of abstinence, you will reach the fourth and final stage of your rehab: advanced recovery. It is that this point that you take all the tools and skills that you have learned during your rehab counseling and put them to use living a satisfying, fulfilling life. Not only will you able to remain sober, but you will also have the skills to become a healthier person, a better spouse and parent, a productive member of society, and a good neighbor and citizen. Recovery is much more than merely staying clean and sober. Its learning to live very well.
Thursday, May 21, 2020
An Explanation Of The Gender Stereotypes Being Broken Down
The articles and videos that were given to us as resources provide an explanation of the gender stereotypes being broken down. In the news clip of Generation of Dissolving Gender Roles they interview families where the dad is the stay-at-home parent while the mother is out making money. This really does not surprise me anymore because of the fact that is so normal now to see the roles reversed and the mother going out and making the income for the family. In the CBS clip of As gender roles change, are men out of step? what surprised me the most was that there is a decline of mean going to college each year. That really surprises me because of the fact that well-paying jobs now almost always require a college degree of some sort. I would have expected more men to be going to college, also that more woman are stepping up than men is shocking as well. Women are really moving up in the professional world and are making a good name for women everywhere. In the NY Times article, Wall Stree t Mothers, Stay-Home Fathers by Jodi Kantor and Jessica Silver-Greenberg, it is a lot like the ABC video talking about the role reversals of parents and women taking the financial lead in their family. When watching the video within the article I never thought about how the jealousy of a parent who works all the time and has to watch the child always go to the other parent for comfort. For example when her son was crying she said she at first would have a hint of jealousy because he wantedShow MoreRelatedStereotype Threat On The Workplace1716 Words à |à 7 PagesStereotype Threat on Women in the Workplace Stereotype threats are negative consequences about oneââ¬â¢s race, sex, nationality, or social group. Stereotype threats are used a lot more frequently than people realize. Gender is a powerful stereotype that affects many peopleââ¬â¢s decisions and actions. The stereotype of women in the workplace has come a long way even in the last twenty years. Many businesses tend to want to diversify their demographics by making the ratio of men to women almost equal. ââ¬Å"DemographicRead MoreThe Psychological Differences between Men and Women in Sports1565 Words à |à 7 Pagesbeen that stereotype of boys being more athletic than girls. The gender segregation of sports reflects more than just physical differences between men and women. It reflects the way men think about women and sports. When someone throws a baseball in a nonathletic way, a friend would yell, ââ¬Å"Stop throwing like a girl!â⬠Being reminded of this particular stereotype brings down girlsââ¬â¢ self-esteem a nd hinders their athletic performance. On the other hand, as said in The Impact of Stereotype Threat on PerformanceRead MoreEating Disorders And Body Image Essay1115 Words à |à 5 Pagesstereotyped to be the only groups of people who suffer from self-image issues. 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These social ââ¬Ërulesââ¬â¢ were rarely broken, and those who did not abide by them were ridiculed. Shakespeare expands on the meaning of these rules through his uses of the word ââ¬Ëmanââ¬â¢, and other terms relating to gender, which convey one of three d istinct social ideas: what a man is, what a manRead MoreWorking In The Healthcare Profession Brings Us In Contact1438 Words à |à 6 Pagesthe same gender. Iraqiââ¬â¢s prefer a gradual disclosure of information, rather than a brief explanation of diagnosis and prognosis. As you are interviewing the patient and family it is best to ask open-ended questions and avoid yes and no questions. Keep in mind that Iraqiââ¬â¢s are uncomfortable divulging personal information to outsiders. According to Fetters (2005) ââ¬Å"the third person should be used when negative consequences are to be describedâ⬠(p. 1309). Using an interpreter of the same gender is very
Wednesday, May 6, 2020
The Leader Of The Field Of Healthcare - 1271 Words
Introduction While lots of theories of leadership have been projected, characteristics of leaders have been endless over a period and around the world. Leaders are individuals with vision and he/her view the future different from the commonly accepted view. A leader can influence change and communicate his/her vision to other staff and gain the support, and acceptance in order to implementing the vision. Leaders have established values which offer a basis for vision and passion to attain individual and organizational goals. Influence is vital to attaining change and to be grounded based on knowledge through formal schooling and proficiency (Yphantides, Escoboza, Macchione, 2015). The influential leader how is a pioneer in her field is Rebecca Onie who is instrumental in creating a company for communities in poverty and have become an advocate for these individuals to be heard and acknowledge by society (Michaels, 2011). 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When leaders in healthcare organizations are asked, ââ¬Å"whatââ¬â¢s theRead MoreThe Relationship Between Gender And Leadership W ithin Healthcare1307 Words à |à 6 Pagesexamine the relationship between gender and leadership within healthcare. First, I will identify the current trends of female high-level positions in healthcare. I will take into consideration the traits associated with gender and addressing the barriers. The goal of this paper is to analyze the differences of gender within leadership and identifying the factors to increase the recruitment of high-performing females in the healthcare field. Introduction Exceptional leadership is defined by characteristicsRead MoreAdvanced Practice Nursing Essay examples1255 Words à |à 6 Pagespatient-centered quality of care. This essay describes increased demand for higher education in nursing and emphasizes the necessity of continuing education to provide optimum patient care in various setting. Techniques and technologies in the medical field constantly evolve and change. With such a huge increase in information, there is no doubt that nurses should update their skills constantly. Nursing education provides from basic building blocks of nursing knowledge to competence in the nursing professionRead MoreApproaches of Nursing Leaders and Managers to Issues in Practice: Nurse Shortage and Nurse Turnover1288 Words à |à 5 PagesNursing Leaders and Managers to Issues in Practice: Nurse Shortage and Nurse Turnover Background In the healthcare field, nursing leaders and managers face consistent issues in their respective practices that force them to alter the way they work and the way they think. In taking on a role as a leader within the field, nursing leaders and managers also take on the role of ensuring that work within an organization runs smoothly regardless of new issues that may arise in the healthcare arena.Read MoreOver View Of Healthcare Administration. 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More Than a Veil Free Essays
More Than a Veil A Feminist Readings of Marjane Satrapiââ¬â¢s Persepolis Cultural differences have been on the foreground of the ongoing struggle between the United States and Iran since the 1970ââ¬â¢s. Stereotypes are built on misunderstandings which can prove costly in international relationships. Our national media coverage of Iran portrays radical Islamic men oppressing their female counterparts. We will write a custom essay sample on More Than a Veil or any similar topic only for you Order Now Many American citizens have narrow opinions on Iranian women, most of them dealing with the infamous veil that Islamic girls wear females. Marjane Satrapi in her biographical novel Persepolis examines Iranian womenââ¬â¢s roles in the Islamic Revolution, breaks the myth of the oppressing veil, and demonstrates how Iranian boys and girls are socially constructed. Satrapi does all of this with a nontraditional writing style as she challenges the more common coming of manhood tale called a Bildungsroman (Barry p. 129) with her own coming of womanhood narrative. In America it is widely believed that women in Iran are to be seen and not heard. That Iran is controlled by an extreme patriarchy where women voice no opinions on social issues. However, we see in Persepolis that Marjane comes from a family with strong women like her mother and grandmother. Her mother routinely takes part in protesting alongside her husband in the streets of Tehran. (Satrapi p. 18) Marjaneââ¬â¢s mother is an example of the misconception that women in Iran are subjects. Marjaneââ¬â¢s mother illustrates to us how women all across Iran were active during the Islamic Revolution, as protestors, collaborators, or victims. (Botshon p. 5) Agency is not just shown in adult women in Persepolis but also in adolescent girls. Many Americans are quick to point out the veil which covers an Islamic womenââ¬â¢s face as a sign of the extreme patriarchy in Iran. However, in the beginning of Persepolis we see Marjane as a child and other little girls taking their veils off at school to use them for games like jump rope. (Satrapi p. 3) This imagery immediately shatters our connotations of disciplined Iranian girls and focuses us more on the playful resistance which the school girls demonstrate. This rebellious nature of Marjane does not stop in childhood despite the oppressive agenda of the school board. Marjaneââ¬â¢s self-expression continues as a teenager when she adopts American culture ideas like punk rock clothing and even owning a Kim Wilde and Iron Maiden poster, which her parent smuggled in from Turkey. (Satrapi p. 127-129) In all of these scenes Marjane is drawn on the pages of the novel without having her veil on. These scenes are an example of how some girls were not submissive to Islamic rule as is it often depicted in our own media. Even though women had proactive roles in the Islamic Revolution they were still constructed and treated differently in Iranian culture. Marjaneââ¬â¢s mother speaks of the violent soldiers she had encounter in the streets of Tehran one day when she was caught not wearing the mandatory veil; ââ¬Å"They insulted me. They said that women like me should be pushed up against a wall and fucked. And then thrown in the garbageâ⬠¦And that if I didnââ¬â¢t want that to happen, I should wear the veil. â⬠(Satrapi p. 74) In this scene it is clear that the Islamic regime agenda is to suppress Iranian womenââ¬â¢s individuality, but how come these military men are so violent? The answer may be in the way that girls and boys were socially constructed during the Islamic Revolution. In Iranian culture it is common for boys to learn military values at school while girls would learn more suitable household skills like knitting and sewing so that they could make winter hoods for the soldiers. At a young age boys are taught to be soldiers and take part in war while girls are helping war efforts indirectly. Aggression in boys to some people may seem natural; however, in Iran young boys are being taught this social trait. The veil itself is a way that Islam fundamentalist try to construct their women into being oppressed and submissive. The wearing of the veil is enforced by school officials who have an Islamic agenda, however; many girls are taught contradictory ideas about the veil by their parents at home. Marjane would have been more susceptible to Islam fundamentalists if she did not come from a family with strong independent female figures. Satrapi demonstrates clearly that gender roles are taught in institutions like religion and school and are not natural. Even more importantly Satrapi writes about how she rebelled against these norms, which makes Persepolis an original narrative of growing up as a girl in Iran. Persepolis in its roots is a personal female memoir of Marjane Satrapiââ¬â¢s growth into womanhood while being raised in Iran during the Islamic Revolution. The story of Marjane Satrapiââ¬â¢s life cannot be duplicated by another author. Marjane grew up in a confusing time where complex issues of religions, politics, and class formed an authentic female version of a classic Bildungsroman tale. Satrapiââ¬â¢s Persepolis questions western thought about Iranian women. Without Marjane Satrapiââ¬â¢s personal experience it is easy to believe that a similar Islamic Revolution tale told by a female protagonist would focus on the hardships of being oppressed and not the variety of social classes that depict rebellious Iranian women. Without Marjane Satrapi, Persepolis could have had an unoriginal western stereotypical story about Iranian women. Marjane Satrapi literally makes herself the central character as the author. Persepolis as a feminist work shows the value of women in Iranian society, the social construction of girls and boys, and the complex issues in Marjaneââ¬â¢s life which are reflected in her work. Many misconceptions about Iranian women are dismissed in Persepolis. Satrapi shows Iranian women as agents with a cause rather than subjects with no voice. Although we are use to the typical submissive Iranian women waiting for liberation, Satrapi blows this belief up for western reader. Marjane Satrapiââ¬â¢s Persepolis humanizes the Iranian female population which is all too often illustrated in United Statesââ¬â¢ media as being oppressed by a veil. Works Cited Babak. Elahi. Frames and Mirrors in Marjane Satrapiââ¬â¢s Persepolis. University Nebraska Press. Vo. 15 No. 1-2. 2007. 312-325. Article. Barry. Peter. Beginning Theory: An Introduction to Literary and Cultural Theory. 3rd ed. Manchester. Manchester University Press. 2009 Print. Botshon. Lisa. Plastas. Melinda. Homeland In/Security: A Discussion and Workshop on Teaching Marjane Satrapiââ¬â¢s Persepolis. University of Illinois Press. Feminist Teacher, Vol 20. No. 1. 2009. 1-14. Article. Satrapi. Marjane. The Complete Persepolis. New York. Pantheon Books. 2007. Print. How to cite More Than a Veil, Papers
More Than a Veil Free Essays
More Than a Veil A Feminist Readings of Marjane Satrapiââ¬â¢s Persepolis Cultural differences have been on the foreground of the ongoing struggle between the United States and Iran since the 1970ââ¬â¢s. Stereotypes are built on misunderstandings which can prove costly in international relationships. Our national media coverage of Iran portrays radical Islamic men oppressing their female counterparts. We will write a custom essay sample on More Than a Veil or any similar topic only for you Order Now Many American citizens have narrow opinions on Iranian women, most of them dealing with the infamous veil that Islamic girls wear females. Marjane Satrapi in her biographical novel Persepolis examines Iranian womenââ¬â¢s roles in the Islamic Revolution, breaks the myth of the oppressing veil, and demonstrates how Iranian boys and girls are socially constructed. Satrapi does all of this with a nontraditional writing style as she challenges the more common coming of manhood tale called a Bildungsroman (Barry p. 129) with her own coming of womanhood narrative. In America it is widely believed that women in Iran are to be seen and not heard. That Iran is controlled by an extreme patriarchy where women voice no opinions on social issues. However, we see in Persepolis that Marjane comes from a family with strong women like her mother and grandmother. Her mother routinely takes part in protesting alongside her husband in the streets of Tehran. (Satrapi p. 18) Marjaneââ¬â¢s mother is an example of the misconception that women in Iran are subjects. Marjaneââ¬â¢s mother illustrates to us how women all across Iran were active during the Islamic Revolution, as protestors, collaborators, or victims. (Botshon p. 5) Agency is not just shown in adult women in Persepolis but also in adolescent girls. Many Americans are quick to point out the veil which covers an Islamic womenââ¬â¢s face as a sign of the extreme patriarchy in Iran. However, in the beginning of Persepolis we see Marjane as a child and other little girls taking their veils off at school to use them for games like jump rope. (Satrapi p. 3) This imagery immediately shatters our connotations of disciplined Iranian girls and focuses us more on the playful resistance which the school girls demonstrate. This rebellious nature of Marjane does not stop in childhood despite the oppressive agenda of the school board. Marjaneââ¬â¢s self-expression continues as a teenager when she adopts American culture ideas like punk rock clothing and even owning a Kim Wilde and Iron Maiden poster, which her parent smuggled in from Turkey. (Satrapi p. 127-129) In all of these scenes Marjane is drawn on the pages of the novel without having her veil on. These scenes are an example of how some girls were not submissive to Islamic rule as is it often depicted in our own media. Even though women had proactive roles in the Islamic Revolution they were still constructed and treated differently in Iranian culture. Marjaneââ¬â¢s mother speaks of the violent soldiers she had encounter in the streets of Tehran one day when she was caught not wearing the mandatory veil; ââ¬Å"They insulted me. They said that women like me should be pushed up against a wall and fucked. And then thrown in the garbageâ⬠¦And that if I didnââ¬â¢t want that to happen, I should wear the veil. â⬠(Satrapi p. 74) In this scene it is clear that the Islamic regime agenda is to suppress Iranian womenââ¬â¢s individuality, but how come these military men are so violent? The answer may be in the way that girls and boys were socially constructed during the Islamic Revolution. In Iranian culture it is common for boys to learn military values at school while girls would learn more suitable household skills like knitting and sewing so that they could make winter hoods for the soldiers. At a young age boys are taught to be soldiers and take part in war while girls are helping war efforts indirectly. Aggression in boys to some people may seem natural; however, in Iran young boys are being taught this social trait. The veil itself is a way that Islam fundamentalist try to construct their women into being oppressed and submissive. The wearing of the veil is enforced by school officials who have an Islamic agenda, however; many girls are taught contradictory ideas about the veil by their parents at home. Marjane would have been more susceptible to Islam fundamentalists if she did not come from a family with strong independent female figures. Satrapi demonstrates clearly that gender roles are taught in institutions like religion and school and are not natural. Even more importantly Satrapi writes about how she rebelled against these norms, which makes Persepolis an original narrative of growing up as a girl in Iran. Persepolis in its roots is a personal female memoir of Marjane Satrapiââ¬â¢s growth into womanhood while being raised in Iran during the Islamic Revolution. The story of Marjane Satrapiââ¬â¢s life cannot be duplicated by another author. Marjane grew up in a confusing time where complex issues of religions, politics, and class formed an authentic female version of a classic Bildungsroman tale. Satrapiââ¬â¢s Persepolis questions western thought about Iranian women. Without Marjane Satrapiââ¬â¢s personal experience it is easy to believe that a similar Islamic Revolution tale told by a female protagonist would focus on the hardships of being oppressed and not the variety of social classes that depict rebellious Iranian women. Without Marjane Satrapi, Persepolis could have had an unoriginal western stereotypical story about Iranian women. Marjane Satrapi literally makes herself the central character as the author. Persepolis as a feminist work shows the value of women in Iranian society, the social construction of girls and boys, and the complex issues in Marjaneââ¬â¢s life which are reflected in her work. Many misconceptions about Iranian women are dismissed in Persepolis. Satrapi shows Iranian women as agents with a cause rather than subjects with no voice. Although we are use to the typical submissive Iranian women waiting for liberation, Satrapi blows this belief up for western reader. Marjane Satrapiââ¬â¢s Persepolis humanizes the Iranian female population which is all too often illustrated in United Statesââ¬â¢ media as being oppressed by a veil. Works Cited Babak. Elahi. Frames and Mirrors in Marjane Satrapiââ¬â¢s Persepolis. University Nebraska Press. Vo. 15 No. 1-2. 2007. 312-325. Article. Barry. Peter. Beginning Theory: An Introduction to Literary and Cultural Theory. 3rd ed. Manchester. Manchester University Press. 2009 Print. Botshon. Lisa. Plastas. Melinda. Homeland In/Security: A Discussion and Workshop on Teaching Marjane Satrapiââ¬â¢s Persepolis. University of Illinois Press. Feminist Teacher, Vol 20. No. 1. 2009. 1-14. Article. Satrapi. Marjane. The Complete Persepolis. New York. Pantheon Books. 2007. Print. How to cite More Than a Veil, Papers
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